打印

作者

来源

JOURNAL OF URBAN HISTORY,Vol.43,Issue1,P.70-90

语言

英文

关键字

Memphis; War on Poverty; Office of Economic Opportunity; Volunteers in Service to America; VISTA; ACTION Agency; Metropolitan InterFaith Association; Civil Rights Movement

作者单位

[Murray, Gail Schmunk] Rhodes Coll, Memphis, TN USA. Murray, GS (reprint author), 1361 Carr Ave, Memphis, TN 38112 USA. E-Mail: murray@rhodes.edu

摘要

President Johnson's War on Poverty encountered significant opposition in southern states where impoverishment and race served to reinforce both social and economic systems. In Memphis, the War on Poverty underwent political attacks primarily aimed at neighborhood organizing. However, two agencies used Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) recruits to implement significant antipoverty initiatives. VISTAs developed a prisoner release-mentoring program and a pretrial release for indigent detainees who could not post bail. The Metropolitan Inter Faith Association recruited savvy local residents to design VISTA services for the poor. The latter drew on local volunteers and reflected a paternalistic approach rather than one that reflected the voice of the poor.