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作者

来源

HOUSING POLICY DEBATE,Vol.27,Issue5,P.659-697

语言

英文

关键字

Sprawl; density; land use regulation; LAND-USE; GROWTH; FRAGMENTATION; DENSITY; POLICY; MODEL

作者单位

[Landis, John D.] Univ Penn, City & Regonal Planning, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Landis, JD (reprint author), Univ Penn, City & Regonal Planning, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. E-Mail: jlan@design.upenn.edu

摘要

This article takes a careful look at the recent state of sprawl among America's 178 largest metropolitan areas through the lens of four sets of questions: (a) Measured at the metropolitan level, is sprawl really declining? Is it declining everywhere, or just in selected metropolitan areas? (b) If sprawl is indeed declining, are more compact growth forms on the rise? (c) If sprawl is indeed declining, is it the result of antisprawl land use and development policies? (d) Which metropolitan-level land market, demographic, and economic factors are most associated with changes in sprawl? It concludes that sprawl is indeed declining when measured by average population densities, but that the decline has been much less widespread if measured in terms of population growth in core-area neighborhoods, changing density gradient intercept and slope estimates, and increased employment clustering. In terms of policy, it finds no evidence that local regulatory regimes or growth management programs have had any effect on sprawl, but finds that the consistent administration of local regulatory programs in ways that incentivize infill development and send consistent signals to developers does contribute to reduced sprawl.