Bird diversity in urban green space: A large-scale analysis of differences between parks and cemeteries in Central Europe

《Bird diversity in urban green space: A large-scale analysis of differences between parks and cemeteries in Central Europe》

打印

作者

来源: URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.27,P.264-271

语言: 英文

关键字: Urbanization; Refuge; Wildlife; Mapping method; Bird communities; Europe; SPECIES RICHNESS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; WILDLIFE RESPONSES; PASSERINE BIRDS; LAND-USE; URBANIZATION; COMMUNITIES; HABITAT; CONSERVATION

作者单位: [Tryjanowski, Piotr] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Inst Zool, Wojska Polskiego 71C, PL-60625 Poznan, Poland. [Morelli, Federico] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Environm Sci, Dept Appl Geoinformat & Spatial Planning, Kamycka 129, CZ-16500 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Morelli, Federico; Jerzak, Leszek] Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Biol Sci, Prof Z Szafrana St 1, PL-65516 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Mikula, Peter] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Vinicna 7, Prague 12843 2, Czech Republic. [Kristin, Anton] Inst Forest Ecol SAS, Sturova 2, SK-96053 Zvolen, Slovakia. [Indykiewicz, Piotr] UTP Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Zool & Landscaping, Dept Biol & Anim Environm, Kordeckiego 20, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Grzywaczewski, Grzegorz] Lublin Univ Life Sci, Dept Zool Anim Ecol & Wildlife Management, Akad 13, PL-20950 Lublin, Poland. [Kronenberg, Jakub] Univ Lodz, Fac Econ & Sociol, POW 3-5, PL-90255 Lodz, Poland. Tryjanowski, P (reprint author), Poznan Univ Life Sci, Inst Zool, Wojska Polskiego 71C, PL-60625 Poznan, Poland. E-Mail: piotr.tryjanowski@gmail.com

摘要: Urbanization is a permanent and still continuing expansion of human settlements and is responsible for dramatic changes of natural areas to urban areas. In traditional view, urbanization is often blamed for the loss of biodiversity and biotic homogenization of natural communities. However, for some species, urban areas, can represent suitable environment for life and even enable them to maintain stable and abundant populations. Urban ecosystems are not homogenous; within human settlements we can find several different habitats which can be occupied by species with different tolerance to certain aspects of urban life. This diversity can be exhibited by interhabitat changes in species richness, diversity and abundances of local communities. Here, we investigated biodiversity patterns in bird communities of two urban habitats, parks and cemeteries, in three Central European countries. Data on species richness, diversity and abundances of birds were collected from published papers as well as unpublished sources. Our analyses revealed that bird species richness was positively correlated with area and age of trees in both habitat types. There was however no significant relationship between species diversity and area in both habitat types. Moreover, species composition of bird communities significantly varied between cemeteries and parks with strong preference for one of habitat types in several species. Predominant occupancy of habitat type by certain species could be linked to interhabitat differences in vegetation structure, human behaviour and management. Interestingly, several bird species often recognised as urban avoiders were detected in surveyed cemeteries and parks.