Metropolitan Eco-Regimes and Differing State Policy Environments: Comparing Environmental Governance in the Portland-Vancouver Metropolitan Area

《Metropolitan Eco-Regimes and Differing State Policy Environments: Comparing Environmental Governance in the Portland-Vancouver Metropolitan Area》

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关键字: environmental governance; urban regime; metropolitan; polycentricity; land-use management; state-level regulation; Portland; Vancouver; URBAN-POLITICS; MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE; SUSTAINABLE CITIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; ECONOMY

作者单位: [Thiers, Paul] Washington State Univ, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Thiers, Paul] Washington State Univ, Sch Polit Philosophy & Publ Affairs, Vancouver, WA USA. [Stephan, Mark] Washington State Univ, Polit Sci, Vancouver, WA USA. [Gordon, Sean] Portland State Univ, Inst Sustainable Solut, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Walker, Alexander] Reed Coll, Portland, OR 97202 USA. Thiers, P (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. E-Mail: pthiers@wsu.edu

摘要: The Portland Metropolitan region, a single economic and ecological region with a bifurcated state and local governance structure, provides an opportunity to compare governance models and state policy environments in a single region. Using stakeholder interviews and secondary sources, we examine the role of state government policy in shaping and supporting different regimes. We find that Portland exhibits a stable, smart-growth regime that we characterized as a metropolitan eco-regime whereas Vancouver is in a period of fragmentation without a stable metropolitan regime. This is best explained by the differing state-level regulatory contexts and the different forms of polycentricity influenced by state action. Differences in regime and governance structure result in differently drawn and expanded urban growth boundaries with subsequent differences in land-use outcomes. We conclude with observations about state-level action and subsequent forms of polycentricity to support metropolitan eco-regimes.