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作者

来源

URBAN AFFAIRS REVIEW,Vol.55,Issue1,P.355-372

语言

英文

关键字

shrinking cities; urban decline processes; planning; THRESHOLD MODELS; URBAN DECLINE; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; RESOURCES; MIGRATION; COMMUNITY; STRATEGY; CULTURE; DETROIT

作者单位

[Galster, George] Wayne State Univ, Urban Affairs, Detroit, MI USA. [Galster, George] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Galster, G (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, 656 West Kirby St,Room 3198 FAB, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. E-Mail: george.galster@wayne.edu

摘要

I advance six propositions regarding the features of urban decline processes that distinguish them from those in growing cities. First, they are demographically selective, as population losses are disproportionately comprised of more advantaged households. Second, they are dynamically nonlinear, as population changes exceed thresholds where socially problematic behaviors and residential disinvestment jump sharply. Third, they are asymmetrically scalable for technological, financial, physical, and political reasons. Fourth, they are minimally controlled by traditional land-use policies of zoning and building permits. Fifth, they are informally decentralized, as individuals and groups supplement the atrophied local public sector with "do it yourself" activities. Sixth, they are psychologically conservative, as residents try to conserve threatened physical, social, and psychological resources. The article synthesizes extant theory and evidence from multiple disciplines, although ultimately the propositions are advanced as working hypotheses commanding varying degrees of support, which collectively comprise a research agenda for further investigation.