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作者

H.B. Wang;M. Wang;J. Qin;Y.H. Hu

来源

URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING,Vol.49,Issue1,Article 126602

语言

英文

关键字

USRurban special revegetation;RSRroot:shoot ratio;PPPinus parviflora;PTPinus thunbergii;UPUlmus parvifolia;Bonsai (Penjing);Root and shoot balance;Root:shoot ratio;Street tree;Urban special revegetation (USR)

作者单位

College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, P.C. 200234, China;College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 East Tsinghua Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.C. 100083, China;Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, No. 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, P.C. 201602, China;Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, P.C. 201602, China;College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, P.C. 200234, China;College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 East Tsinghua Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.C. 100083, China;Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, No. 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, P.C. 201602, China;Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, P.C. 201602, China

摘要

Impervious surfaces in modern cities can be used for revegetation. However, the ecological quality of belowground ecosystem components and constrained soil space are crucial factors that limit habitat restoration. The long-term development of Bonsai (Penjing) trees has resulted in mature theories and techniques that suggest optimal root-canopy ratios. Considering the similarities with constrained pot landscapes, some “enlightenments”, or key findings, derived from Bonsai theory can also be applied to urban special revegetation (USR). In this study, we analyzed the root-shoot correlations of the different styles of Bonsai trees and provide and assessment on the relationships between Bonsai theory and USR. Using an on-site survey and biomass experiment, nine “enlightenments” from Bonsai theory are proposed: positive root-canopy correlation, environmental stress increasing the root-shoot ratio, connectivity of the tree bark “water line”, rebalancing after disruption of the root-canopy balance, precise root and canopy design, artificial auxiliary fixation of the root, control of growth, horticultural reshaping skills, and plant diversity. In particular, for the successful establishment of urban rebuilt environments, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of root-canopy correlations. Therefore, we suggest that the four main types of USR (green roofs, vertical greening, container gardening, and street trees) should follow the core principle based on the root-shoot balance to effectively design both the root and canopy.