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作者

Robert Freestone;Stephen Hamnett;Bill Randolph

来源

URBAN POLICY AND RESEARCH,Vol.41,Issue4,P.

语言

英文

关键字

作者单位

a University of New South Wales

摘要

It is with deep sadness that we note the passing of Dr Raymond Bunker who made significant contributions to planning education, research and practice in Sydney, Adelaide and Canberra over seven decades.Ray hailed from the British Midlands where he gained an M.A. in Geography at the University of Birmingham in 1952 and after National Service with the Royal Navy worked as a town planning assistant in Newport and Swindon. By the late 1950s he was married with two young children and had successfully studied part-time to become a member of the Royal Town Planning Institute.In 1959 he was appointed to a lectureship at Sydney University, sailing from Southampton with his young family in time to commence teaching in 1960 in the Diploma of Town and Country Planning course established by Professor Denis Winston. The position helped cover the gap left by the departures of Peter Harrison and Walter Abraham. He enrolled in a PhD and his completed dissertation on “Metropolitan Growth, Function and Land Use” in 1965 was reportedly the first doctorate in planning awarded in Australia. His book Town and Country or City and Region? was published by Melbourne University Press in 1971. At Sydney University he was promoted to Senior Lecturer and Associate Professor and was Acting Head of Department in 1974.After gaining senior planning experience as a part-time Commissioner with the NSW State Planning Authority hearing planning appeals, Ray opted to leave academia in 1975 to join the federal Department of Urban and Regional Development (DURD) established by the Whitlam Government as First Assistant Secretary of the Strategy Division. Within months Whitlam was dismissed, DURD disestablished, and Ray was appointed head of the Research Directorate of the Fraser Government’s new Department of Environment, Housing and Community Development.Leaving the Commonwealth public service in 1978, Ray joined the South Australian Institute of Technology (SAIT) as head of the planning program, replacing the late Tom McKenna, and serving in that role until 1981 when he stood down, battered by an onerous workload and internecine university politics. He remained at SAIT throughout the 1980s, returning to research and during these years published several significant reports on urban consolidation as well as co-editing Urban Australia: Planning Issues and Policies (1987) with Stephen Hamnett. When the Institute was incorporated into the University of South Australia in 1991 Ray was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor, a position that he held until retirement in 1994.During his time at Sydney University and SAIT/UniSA, Ray’s international engagements were extensive. He variously held visiting positions at the University of Birmingham, University of Cambridge, and the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, contributed to UN projects in Nairobi and Singapore, won a Carnegie Corporation grant to study metropolitan planning (a long term interest) in the United States in 1966, and was a consultant to the OECD in Paris in 1991.Ray was also a significant contributor to the planning profession in New South Wales, South Australia and at a national level. He served as secretary of the NSW division of the Australian Planning Institute (later RAPI then PIA) in 1964 and acting editor of its journal in 1968. In Adelaide among various high level public appointments, he was appointed as part-time Chairman of the South Australian Planning Commission and its successor the Development Assessment Commission between 1988 and 1996. He was Advisor to the South Australian Government on the Multifunction Polis project, a significant contributor to the South Australian Planning Review (1990–1992) as a member of its expert reference group, and Chairman of the South Australian Committee on Climate Change in 1991–1993. He served as Vice-President of the State Division of RAPI and as President in 1981–1983. With his good friend Alan Hutchings, he co-edited With Conscious Purpose: A History of Town Planning in South Australia, published by Wakefield Press and RAPI in 1986 (and launched by Don Dunstan, the former premier of South Australia). This important and pathbreaking work became required reading for planning students and remains a valuable source of information for anyone seeking to understand South Australia’s planning history, with two updated chapters on the colonial period by Ray in a second edition published in 2007. Ray became a Life Fellow of PIA in 1994.After his retirement, Ray and wife Hazel moved to Bowral in the NSW Southern Highlands to be closer to family. His final years were spent in Canberra. Moving back east, he continued his research interests in South Australian history and produced an original book-length piece of historical fiction Settlers and Spoilers (2002) on the founding of Adelaide. He also maintained active engagement in contemporary research and practice through Visiting Senior Research Fellow positions at the Urban Frontiers Program at the University of Western Sydney (1999-2004) and then with City Futures Research Centre at UNSW headed by Bill Randolph (two stints between 2004 and 2021). In these appointments he continued to undertake major research projects, several supported by ARC grants, into planning and urban development issues and maintained a substantial output of high-level scholarly publications with various collaborators including his colleagues from the City Futures Research Centre, Glen Searle, and Kristian Ruming, particularly related to Sydney’s metropolitan planning and housing. He leaves an enduring legacy of quality publications on a spectrum of planning issues in journals such as Urban Policy and Research (with some sixteen articles, notes and book reviews between 1984 and 2015), Australian Planner, Planning Perspectives, Planning Practice and Research and International Planning Studies. In addition to his books and reports, Ray also presented a succession of papers at State of Australian Cities conferences in the 2000s. The select bibliography of substantive contributions below captures the considered focus of his work against an evolving narrative of planning concerns spanning six decades.Over a long life Ray Bunker contributed immensely to the culture of planning scholarship and efficacy of planning practice at a high level from the early 1960s. He was popular with planning students and with his colleagues and in later years became a greatly valued mentor to younger researchers with whom he worked and from whom he elicited great affection. He was softly but firmly spoken, immensely knowledgeable and with a mischievous sense of humour, enhanced by the occasional glass of red. Over an illustrious career, Ray made an enormous contribution to planning policy, research and education in Australia and beyond. He will be sorely missed. Selected Writings Bunker, R., 1961. Regional planning in the United Kingdom and in New South Wales. Journal of the Australian planning institute, 1 (10), 12-19. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1962. Regional planning for Newcastle New South Wales. Town planning review, 33 (3), 224-238. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1963. Comparative analyses of urban workforces. Australian planning institute journal, 2 (4), 116-120. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1964. The purposes of land use analysis. Australian planning institute journal, 3 (2), 41-44. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1965. Australia since the war: a study of economic growth and physical planning. Town planning review, 35 (4), 311-328. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1967. Travel in Stevenage. Town planning review, 38 (3), 215-232. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1969. Canberra’s economic base 1961-1966. Canberra: National Capital Development Commission. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1971. Town and country - or city and region? Melbourne: Melbourne University Press. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1971. Metropolitan form and metropolitan planning, Australian Geographer, 11 (6), 619-632. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1971. Town planning and politics: a Melbourne case study, Public Administration, 30 (4), 371-384. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1972. Planning education and educating planners. Royal Australian planning institute journal, 10 (1), 40-44. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1976. Metropolitan sub-centres: policies and potential. In: G.J.R. Linge, ed. Restructuring Employment Opportunities in Australia, Department of Human Geography publication HG/11, Canberra: Australian National University, 169-183. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1976. Planning processes and strategies. Urban ecology, 1 (4), 415-422. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Purdon, R. 1977. Planning for Canberra and region. Royal Australian planning institute journal, 15 (2), 42-46. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1977. Capital cities. In: D.N. Jeans, ed. Australia: a geography. Sydney: Sydney University Press, 386-411. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1978. Inter-governmental relations. In: P.F. Ryan, ed. Urban management processes, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 135-141. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1978. Co-operative planning. In: P.N. Troy, ed. Federal power in Australia’s cities, Sydney: Hale and Iremonger, 39-51. Google Scholar Bunker, R. and Orchard, L. 1982. Urban consolidation and Adelaide. Canberra: Australian Institute of Urban Studies. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1983. Urban consolidation: the experience of Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide, Canberra: Australian Institute of Urban Studies. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1985. Urban consolidation and Australian cities. Built environment, 11 (2), 83-96. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1985. Adelaide. Cities, 2 (4), 307-313. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1986. Heroic measures: urban consolidation in Australia. In: J.B. McLoughlin and M. Huxley, eds. Urban planning in Australia: critical readings, Melbourne: Longman Cheshire, 157-172. Google Scholar Hutchings A., and Bunker, R., eds. 1986. With conscious purpose: A history of town planning in South Australia. Adelaide: Wakefield Press. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1986. Australia. In: N. Patrocios, ed. International handbook on urban planning, Westport: Greenwood Press, 628-658. Google Scholar Hamnett, S. and Bunker, R., eds. 1987. Urban Australia: Planning issues and policies. Melbourne: Nelson Wadsworth. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1987. Metropolitan planning in Melbourne and Adelaide. Australian planner, 25 (4), 5-8, Google Scholar Bunker, R. 1988. Systematic colonization and town planning in Australia and New Zealand. Planning perspectives, 3 (1), 59-80. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1988. Life in the suburbs. In: R.L. Heathcote, ed. The Australian experience : essays in land settlement and resource management, Melbourne: Longman Cheshire, Melbourne, 221-232. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1989. A reappraisal of Australian suburbia. Journal of Australian Studies, 25, 73-84. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1989. Property, propriety and purpose: planning in Adelaide since the second world war. Environmental and planning law journal, 6 (3), 169-187. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1990. Urban design in a metropolitan setting: a case study of Adelaide. Town Planning Review, 61 (1), 21-40. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1991. Adelaide: a multifunctional polis. Australian journal of public administration, 50 (2), 145-153. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Houston, P., 1992. At and beyond the fringe: planning around the Australian city with particular reference to Adelaide. Urban policy and research, 10 (3), 23-32. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Houston, P., 1992. Natural resource management meets metropolitan growth: Contemporary rural-urban fringe planning in Australia. Built environment, 18 (3), 221-223. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and J.R. Minnery, 1992. Recent Commonwealth initiatives in urban affairs. Adelaide: Australian Institute of Urban Studies, South Australia Division. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1994. Strategic planning: fashionable or fundamental? Urban futures, 4 (2-3), 88-92. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1995. Should we take town planning out of urban affairs. Australian planner, 32 (2), 74-76. Google Scholar Hayes, D., and Bunker, R. 1995. The changing role of the city centre in Adelaide and Melbourne. Urban policy and research, 13 (3), 159-171. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1995. State planning operation. In: P.N. Troy, ed. Australian cities: issues, strategies and policies for urban Australia in the 1990s. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 142-163. Google Scholar Bunker, R., et al. 1996. Servicing our cities: micro-economic reform and urban development. Sydney: Planning Research Centre, University of Sydney. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1998. Process and product in the foundation and laying out of Adelaide. Planning perspectives, 13 (3), 243-255. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 1999. Landscape and communication. Australian planner, 36 (1), 7-11. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2002. In the shadow of the city: the fringe around the Australian metropolis in the 1950s. Planning perspectives, 17 (1), 61-82. Google Scholar Bunker, R., Gleeson, B., Holloway, D. and Randolph, B., 2002. The local impacts of urban consolidation in Sydney. Urban policy and research, 20 (3), 143-167. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Holloway, D., 2002. More than fringe benefits. Australian planner, 39 (2), 66-71. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2002. Settlers and spoilers. Leicester: Upfront Publishing. Google Scholar Troy, P., Holloway, D., Pullen, S., and Bunker, R., 2003. Embodied and operational energy consumption in the city. Urban policy and research, 21(1), 9–44. Google Scholar Holloway, D., and Bunker, R., 2003. Using GIS as an aid to understanding urban consolidation. Australian geographical studies, 41 (1), 44-57. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Holloway, D., 2003. Improving sustainability in development planning and control, Australian Planner, 40 (3), 31–34. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Houston, P., 2003. Prospects for the rural-urban fringe in Australia: Observations from a brief history of the landscapes around Sydney and Adelaide. Australian geographical studies, 41 (3), 303-323. Google Scholar Bunker, R., Holloway, D. and Randolph, B., 2005. The expansion of urban consolidation in Sydney: Social impacts and implications. Australian planner, 42 (3), 16-25. Google Scholar Bunker, R., Holloway, D., and Randolph, B., 2005. Building the connection between housing needs and metropolitan planning in Sydney, Australia. Housing studies, 20 (5), 771-794. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Holloway, D., and Bunker, R., 2006. Planning, housing and energy use: A review. Urban policy and research, 24 (1), 115-126. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Searle, G., 2007. Seeking certainty: recent planning for Sydney and Melbourne. Town planning review, 78 (5), 619-641. Google Scholar Bunker, R. and Holloway, D., 2007. How far and in what way is Sydney’s new metropolitan strategy likely to be implemented? Australian planner, 44 (1), 26-33. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2008. Why and how did Adelaide come about? Planning perspectives, 23 (2), 233-240. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2008. A plenitude, plethora or plague of plans? State strategic plans, metropolitan strategies and infrastructure plans. Built environment, 34 (3), 319-332. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Searle, G., 2009. Theory and practice in metropolitan strategy: situating recent Australian planning. Urban policy and research, 27 (2), 101-116. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2009. Situating Australian metropolitan planning. International planning studies, 14 (3), 233-252. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Ruming, K., 2010. How national planning might enrich metropolitan planning in Australia. Urban policy and research, 28 (3), 327-334. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Searle G., and Bunker, R., 2010. Metropolitan strategic planning: an Australian paradigm? Planning theory, 9 (3), 163-180. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Searle, G., and Bunker R., 2010. New century Australian spatial planning: recentralization under Labor. Planning practice and research, 25 (4), 517-529. Google Scholar Sinclair, I., and Bunker, R., 2012. Planning for Rural Landscapes. In S. Thompson and P. Maginn, eds. Planning Australia: An overview of urban and regional planning. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 180-203. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2012. Reviewing the path dependency in Australian metropolitan planning. Urban policy and research, 30 (4), 443-452. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2014. How is the compact city faring in Australia? Planning practice and research, 29 (5), 449-460. Google Scholar Bunker, R. 2015. Can we plan too much? The case of the 2010 metropolitan strategy for Adelaide. Australian journal of public administration, 74 (3), 381-389. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2015. Linking urban research with planning practice. Urban policy and research, 33 (3), 362-269. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., Crommelin, L., Troy, L., Easthope, H., Pinnegar, S., and Randolph, B., 2017. Managing the transition to a more compact city in Australia. International planning studies, 22 (4), 384-399. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Crommelin, L., Bunker, R., Troy, L., Randolph, B., Easthope, H., and Pinnegar, S. 2017. As compact city planning rolls on, a look back: lessons from Sydney and Perth. Australian planner, 54 (2), 115-125. Web of Science ®Google Scholar Bunker, R., Freestone, R., and Randolph, B., 2018. Sydney: Growth, globalization and governance. In: S. Hamnett and R. Freestone, eds. Planning metropolitan Australia. London: Routledge, 76–100. Google Scholar Bunker, R., and Searle, G., 2018. The density question: the compact city in Australia. Australian quarterly, 89 (3), 31-38, 44. Google Scholar Bunker, R., 2020. Reconstruction and deconstruction of the foundation of South Australia as a nineteenth-century strategic planning process and how it might compare with current planning practice. Planning practice and research, 35 (4), 435-451. Web of Science ®Google Scholar