COVID-19 and urban planning: Built environment, health, and well-being in Greek cities before and during the pandemic

《COVID-19 and urban planning: Built environment, health, and well-being in Greek cities before and during the pandemic》

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关键字: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic;Compact city;City planning;Quality of life;Urban built environment;Subjective well-being

作者单位: Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway;School of Spatial Planning and Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway;School of Spatial Planning and Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece

摘要: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to dramatic changes in quality of life, bringing to the forefront of the debate the question of planning and design of pandemic-resilient cities. Using quasi-longitudinal survey data (via a social media campaign) and geospatial data from Greek cities, we evaluate changes in health and well-being during COVID-19 compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, and then explore in detail how specific built environment characteristics in Athens and Thessaloniki relate to health and well-being before and during COVID-19. Results suggest that overall health, life satisfaction, happiness, personal relationships satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, satisfaction with income, and satisfaction with vacations all decreased during COVID-19, while anxiety and back pain increased during COVID-19. The role of the urban built environment in health and well-being was found to differ considerably for the COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19. Proximity to large parks, proximity to numerous local facilities, lower neighborhood density, living further from the city center, and living in a larger dwelling were associated with better health and well-being outcomes during COVID-19. Urban planning and relevant policies that cities adopt should carefully focus on mitigating implications for critical issues such as the quest for sustainable urban development and city forms.