打印

作者

来源

CITIES,Vol.85,P.38-50

语言

英文

关键字

Public participation; Geoweb; PPGIS; VGI; Local government; VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; SOCIAL MEDIA; SPATIAL DATA; DECISION-MAKING; GIS; ENVIRONMENT; LOCATION; SYSTEMS; DESIGN; MANAGEMENT

作者单位

[Zhang, Shanqi] Nanjing Univ, Sch Architecture & Urban Planning, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Shanqi] Jiangsu Prov Engn Lab Smart City Design Simulat &, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. Zhang, SQ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Architecture & Urban Planning, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Zhang, SQ (reprint author), Jiangsu Prov Engn Lab Smart City Design Simulat &, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. E-Mail: zhangshanqi@nju.edu.cn

标签

城市地理,城市社会学 |

摘要

Advancements in citizen sensing and geospatial big data have enabled new opportunities for government-citizen interactions and have played important roles in developing smart(er) cities. In addition to city governments and citizens actively using maps to communicate spatial planning issues, the increasing capabilities of citizens generating spatial data either actively or passively allow city governments to collect local spatial knowledge with unprecedented breadth at finer spatiotemporal resolutions. New methods for citizens collaborating with city governments are also emerging to enhance citizen engagement and to spur social innovation. By synthesizing recent advancements in geo-enabled citizen participation, this paper proposed a new typology for classifying and characterizing concepts and practices related to geospatial technology-mediated public participation in local governments (e.g. city and municipal governments). Practical examples are used to illustrate how new dynamics between local governments and citizens are formed, new methods of collecting local spatial knowledge are enabled, and new opportunities for improving the openness and operational efficiency of local governments have emerged. The proposed conceptualization and examples give rise to emerging needs of advancing geo-participation by developing geospatial methods and infrastructure and by investigating the social and spatial implications of geo-participation. 公民感知和地理空间大数据方面的进展为政府与公民的互动提供了新的机遇，并在发展智慧城市中发挥了重要作用。除了城市政府和公民积极利用地图来交流空间规划问题之外，公民以主动或被动方式生成空间数据的能力不断增强，使得城市政府能够以前所未有的广度，以更加精细的时空分辨率来收集本地的空间知识。公民与城市政府合作的新方法也正在出现，以加强公民参与和推动社会的创新。本文综合了近年来公民在参与地理空间方面取得的进展，提出了一种新的分类方法，用于对地方政府(如市政府)中与地理空间技术的公众参与相关的概念和实践进行分类和表征。本文通过实例说明地方政府与公民之间是如何形成新的动态关系、新的地理空间知识收集方法是如何形成的，地方政府的开放性和运行效率得以改善的新机遇是如何出现的。本文提出的理念和案例产生了通过制定地理空间方法和基础设施，以及研究地理参与的社会和空间影响来产生推进地理参与的新需要。