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作者

来源

EUROPEAN PLANNING STUDIES,Vol.27,Issue2SI,P.355-376

语言

英文

关键字

City; demographics; population; reurbanization; housing; URBAN-POPULATION; CITY-CENTER; REURBANISATION; HOUSEHOLD; GROWTH; GENTRIFIERS; FRANCE; SPACES; POLICY

作者单位

[Rerat, Patrick] Univ Lausanne, Inst Geog & Sustainabil, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Rerat, P (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Inst Geog & Sustainabil, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. E-Mail: Patrick.rerat@unil.ch

标签

城市化,城市人口 | 法国,其他

摘要

Reurbanization refers to the new demographic growth of cities that previously lost population. How can we explain such a trend reversal? This paper discusses theoretically both phases of urban decline and reurbanization. It examines the trajectory of Swiss cities that have moved from a period of decline (1970-2000) to a new growth (since 2000). It analyses the components behind the population evolution, discusses the socio-cultural, economic and political trends triggering or enabling reurbanization, and identifies three main results. First, reurbanization is due to several population groups: the growing international mobility of the labour force, the increasing number of non-family households (in the context of the second demographic transition) and the growing attractiveness of cities for young adults (extension of youth as a life stage). Second, reurbanization is not only housing-led (construction of dwellings due to planning strategies and real estate activities). It is also population-led: A generation replacement induces a rejuvanation of the age structure and an increase in the density of occupancy of dwellings. Third, reurbanization can be broadly interpreted as a return of cities in terms of residential aspirations, political agenda and real estate activities. As a conclusion, I outline a research agenda on reurbanization. 重新城市化是指先前流失人口的城市的新的人口增长。我们如何解释这种趋势逆转？本文从理论上讨论了城市衰落和重新城市化的两个阶段。本文考察了瑞士城市的发展轨迹，这些城市已经从衰退期（1970-2000）转变为新的增长期（自2000年以后）。本文分析了人口演变背后的组成部分，讨论了触发或实现重新城市化的社会文化、经济和政治趋势，并确定了三个主要结果。首先，重新城市化源自几个人口群体：劳动力国际流动性的增加、非家庭住户数量的增加（在第二次人口转变的背景下）以及城市对青年人的吸引力日益增强（青年时期作为生命阶段得到了延伸）。其次，重建城市化不仅仅是以住房为主导的（由于规划策略和房地产活动而建造的住宅）。它也是以人口为主导的：一代人的替代导致了年龄结构的重新焕发，并增加了住宅的占用密度。第三，城市化可以被广义地解释为城市在住宅意愿、，政治议程和房地产活动方面的回归。作为结论，我勾勒了关于重新城市化的研究议程。